[[TRAD GNU]] Gardez le contrôle de votre informa tique, afin qu'elle ne vous contrôle pas !

[Olm <olivier AT olsc.org>]

  Bonjour à tous.

  Ci-joint les fichiers po et html de la traduction de
philosophy/keep-control-of-your-computing pour relecture.  Merci
d'avance pour vos commentaires.

  Quelques points discutables (?) :
    * pas traduit
      - « Patriot Act »
      - ni « cloud computing »
    * pas sûr dans le parapgraphe ligne 116 du .po :
      - court order (ordonnance d'un tribunal ?)
      - blackwhiting (propagande ?)
      - under an un-American US law

  Par ailleurs, le mode po d'emacs a fait des siennes en fin d'édition
et - malgré deux relectures - il pourrait rester des espaces manquants :(

-- Olm
# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
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"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-02-13 12:16+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-02-13 17:26+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Olm <olivier AT olsc.org>\n"
"Language-Team: French <trad-gnu AT april.org>\n"
"Language: fr\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid ""
"Keep control of your computing, so it doesn't control you! - GNU Project - "
"Free Software Foundation"
msgstr ""
"Gardez le contrôle de votre informatique, afin qu'elle ne vouscontrôle pas ! "
"- GNU Project - free Software Foundation"

#. type: Content of: <h2>
msgid "Keep control of your computing, so it doesn't control you!"
msgstr "Gardez le contrôle de votre informatique, afin qu'elle ne vous contrôle pas !"

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "par Richard Stallman"

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid "First published in Der Spiegel Online"
msgstr "Publié initialement sur Der Spiegel Online"

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"The World Wide Web, developed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990 as a system for "
"publishing and viewing information, is slowly being transformed into a "
"system of remote computing. It will store your data, and data about you, "
"often limiting your access to it but allowing FBI access at any time. It "
"will do your computing for you, but you cannot control what it does. It "
"provides various tempting attractions, but you must resist them."
msgstr "Le World Wide Web, développé par Tim Berners Lee dans les années 90 comme un système destiné à la publication et à la lecture d'informations, est lentement transformé en un système de traitement de l'information à distance.  Il stockera vos données, et des données vous concernant, vous limitant souvent l'accès à celles-ci, mais autorisant l'accès par le FBI à n'importe quel moment.  Il traitera l'information pour vous, mais vous ne pourrez pas contrôler ce qu'il fait.  Il propose diverses attractions tentantes, mais vous devez y résister."

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"In the 1980s, most people did not use computers; those who did, mostly used "
"personal computers or timesharing services. Both allowed you to install "
"software of your choice. Both allowed you full control over your data, "
"though it is not clear what access the timesharing services gave to the FBI. "
"In any case, the timesharing services mostly faded away by the 90s."
msgstr "Dans les années 80, la plupart des gens n'utilisaient pas d'ordinateurs ; ceux qui le faisaient utilisaient principalement des ordinateurs individuels ou des services à temps partagé.  Les deux vous autorisaient à installer le logiciel de votre choix.  Les deux vous donnaient un contrôle total sur vos données, bien qu'il ne soit pas clair quel accès les services à temps partagé fournissaient au FBI.  Quoi qu'il en soit, les services à temps partagé ont quasiment disparus dans les années 90."

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"This does not mean that these users had control of their computing.  With "
"software, either the users control the program (free software) or the "
"program controls the users (proprietary or nonfree software).  Those users "
"were running proprietary software because that's all there was at the time. "
"The users could not change it, or even tell what it really did."
msgstr "Cela ne signifie pas que ces utilisateurs avaient le contrôle de leur informatique.  Avec le logiciel, soit les utilisateurs contrôlent le programme (logiciel libre), soit le programme contrôle les utilisateurs (logiciel privateur ou non libre).  Ces utilisateurs faisaient tourner du logiciel privateur car c'est tout ce qui existait à l'époque.  Ces utilisateurs ne pouvaient pas le modifier, ou même dire ce qu'il faisait réellement."

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"The abusiveness of proprietary software has intensified since then; "
"nowadays, it is likely to spy on you, intentionally restrict you, and/or "
"have back doors. (Windows is known to do all three; likewise the iPhone and "
"the Kindle.) But even absent such abuse, it wasn't right for users to be "
"controlled by their software."
msgstr "La grossièreté du logiciel privateur s'est intensifiée depuis ; de nos jours, il est probable qu'il vous espionne, vous restreigne, et/ou présente des portes dérobées.  (Windows est connu pour faire les trois; ainsi que l'iPhone et le Kindle.)  Mais même en l'absence de tels abus, il n'était pas correct pour les utilisateurs d'être contrôlés par leur logiciel."

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"That's why I launched the free software movement in 1983. We decided to "
"develop an operating system and applications that would be entirely free "
"(libre, freie), so that the users would have control over them.  I gave this "
"system the name GNU. (You have probably heard people call it \"Linux\", but "
"that's an error.) People who switch to this system, and insist on using only "
"free software, are in a position to control their computing. We have "
"liberated only a small part of cyberspace, as yet, but that is a foothold "
"for freedom."
msgstr "C'est la raison pour laquelle j'ai initié le mouvement pour le logiciel libre en 1983.  Nous avons décidé de développer un système d'exploitation et des applications qui seraient entièrement libres, afin que les utilisateurs en aient le contrôle.  J'ai donné à ce système le nom GNU.  (Vous avez probablement entendu des gens l'appeler \\\"Linux\\\", mais c'est une erreur.)  Les personnes qui basculent sur ce système, et insistent pour utiliser uniquement du logiciel libre, sont dans la position de contrôler leur informatique.  Nous n'avons libéré qu'une infime partie du cyberespace, pour l'instant, mais c'est un premier pas vers la liberté."

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"Developments in the Web threaten to negate this achievement. The first "
"problem was the use of invisible references to sites whose mission was "
"surveillance (perhaps for advertising). Users who visited sites A, B, X and "
"Z did not realize that those pages contained invisible references to "
"iamwatchingyou.com, so each visit informed that site too, and it recorded "
"permanently that this user had visited certain pages."
msgstr "Les développements du Web menacent d'interdire cette réalisation.  Le premier problème était l'utilisation de références invisibles à des sites dont la mission était la surveillance (peut-être pour de la publicité).  Les utilisateurs qui visitaient les sites A, B, X et Z ne réalisaient pas que leurs pages contenaient des références invisibles à jevousregarde.com, de telle sorte que chaque visite informait ce site également, et il enregistrait de manière permanente que tel utilisateur avait visité certaines pages."

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"Javascript created a further problem. Initially used for harmless things "
"such as unusual-looking menus, its capabilities have been extended to the "
"point where it can do nontrivial computing. Services such as Google Docs "
"install large Javascript programs into the user's browser. Even though they "
"run in your computer, you have no control over what they do there."
msgstr "Javascript créa un problème supplémentaire.  Utilisé initialement pour des choses inoffensives comme des menus originaux, ces capacités ont été étendues au point qu'il puisse effectuer des traitements de l'information non triviaux.  Des services comme Google Docs installent de gros programmes Javascript dans le navigateur de l'utilisateur.  Bien qu'ils tournent sur votre ordinateur, vous n'avez aucun contrôle sur ce qu'ils y font."

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"Then there is the issue of storing your data in companies' servers.  The "
"largest such companies have little respect for users' privacy.  For "
"instance, if you hand your data to Facebook, companies pay Facebook (not "
"you) for the use of it. They pay Facebook (not you) to run ads using your "
"face."
msgstr "Ensuite vient la question de stocker vos données sur des serveurs d'entreprises.  Les plus grandes de ces entreprises ont peu de respect pour la vie privée des utilisateurs.  Par exemple, si vous placez vos données sur Facebook, des entreprises paient Facebook (pas vous) pour l'usage de ces données.  Elles paient Facebook (pas vous) pour lancer des publicités utilisant votre visage."

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"The timesharing companies of the 1980s had usually treated their users' data "
"with respect, even though they could occasionally abuse them, because their "
"users were paying clients and could go elsewhere.  Facebook's users do not "
"pay, so they are not its clients. They are its merchandise, to be sold to "
"other businesses. If the company is in the US, or is a subsidiary of a US "
"company, the FBI can collect this data at whim without even a court order "
"under an un-American US law, named in purest blackwhiting the \"Patriot Act"
"\"."
msgstr "Les entreprises de temps partagé des années 80 ont généralement traité les données de leurs utilisateurs avec respect, bien qu'elles aient pu parfois les abuser, car leurs utilisateurs étaient des étaient des clients payants et pouvaient les quitter.  Les utilisateurs de Facebook ne paient pas, donc ils ne sont pas ses clients.  Ils sont sa marchandise, destinée à être vendue à d'autres entreprises.  Si l'entreprise est aux USA, ou est une filiale d'une entreprise aux USA,le FBI peut collecter ces données à sa guise, sans même l'ordonnance d'un tribunal en vertue d'une loi des USA non-américaine, nommée par pure propagande le « Patriot Act »."

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"Services also offer to operate on the users data. In effect, this means that "
"users do their computing on the servers, and the servers take complete "
"control of that computing."
msgstr "Des services offrent également de traiter les données des utilisateurs.  Concrètement, cela signifie que les utilisateurs effectuent leurs traitements sur les serveurs, et que les serveurs prennent le contrôle complet de ce traitement."

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"There is a systematic marketing campaign to drive users to entrusting their "
"computing and their data to companies they have absolutely no reason to "
"trust. Its buzzword is \"cloud computing\", a term used for so many "
"different computing structures that its only real meaning is, \"Do it "
"without thinking about what you're doing\"."
msgstr "Il existe une campagne de commercialisation systématique qui cherche à conduire les utilisateurs à confier leurs traitements et leurs données à des entreprises auxquelles ils n'ont absolument aucune raison de faire confiance.  Son mot à la mode est « cloud computing », un terme utilisé pour tellement de structures de traitement de l'information différentes que sa seule réelle signification est, « Faîtes le sans réfléchir à ce que vous faîtes »."

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"There is even a product, Google ChromeOS, designed so that it can only store "
"data remotely, and the user must do her computing remotely.  Ironically, it "
"is free software, a version of GNU/Linux. Users will have access to the "
"source code, and could change it so as to support local computing and local "
"data storage &mdash; if the machine has enough memory to store it, and if it "
"permits users to install their own versions of the software. If Android "
"phones are any guide, most ChromeOS devices will be designed to prevent "
"users from doing that."
msgstr "Il existe même un produit, Google ChromeOS, conçu de manière à ne pouvoir stocker les données qu'à distance, et à que l'utilisateur doive effectuer ses traitements à distance.  Ironiquement, c'est un logiciel libre, une version de GNU/Linux.  Les utilisateurs auront accès au code source, et devraient le modifier afin de permettre un traitement local et un stockage local &mdash; si la machine dispose de suffisamment de mémoire, et si elle permet aux utilisateurs d'installer leur propre version des logiciels.  Si les téléphones Android servent d'expérience, la plupart des équipements ChromeOS seront conçus pour empêcher les utilisateurs de le faire."

#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"This does not mean Internet users can't have privacy. This does not mean "
"that Internet users can't have control of their computing. It does mean that "
"you'll have to swim against the current to have them."
msgstr "Cela ne signifie pas que les utilisateurs d'Internet ne peuvent avoir de vie privée.  Cela ne signifie pas que les utilisateurs d'Internet ne peuvent avoir le contrôle de leur informatique.  Cela signifie qu'il vous faudra nager contre le courant pour en bénéficier."

#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
msgstr " "

#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to <a href=\"mailto:gnu AT gnu.org";
"\">&lt;gnu AT gnu.org&gt;</a>.  There are also <a href=\"/contact/\">other ways "
"to contact</a> the FSF."
msgstr "Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <a href=\"mailto:gnu AT gnu.org\";>&lt;gnu AT gnu.org&gt;</a>. Il existe aussi <a href=\"/contact/\">d'autres moyens de contacter</a> la FSF."

#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to <a href="
"\"mailto:webmasters AT gnu.org\";>&lt;webmasters AT gnu.org&gt;</a>."
msgstr "Veuillez indiquer (en anglais) les liens orphelins et autres corrections ou suggestions à <a href=\"mailto:webmasters AT gnu.org\";>&lt;webmasters AT gnu.org&gt;</a>."

#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
"translations of this article."
msgstr "Veuillez consulter le <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">README destraductions</a> pour des informations sur la coordination et la soumission de traductions de cet article."

#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Copyright &copy; 2011 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright &copy; 2011 Richard Stallman"

#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
msgstr "Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."

#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
msgstr "Traduction&nbsp;: Olm<br />Révision&nbsp;:<br />Contact&nbsp;: <a href=\"mailto:trad-gnu&#64;april.org\";>trad-gnu&#64;april.org</a>"

#.  timestamp start 
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Dernière mise à jour :"
Keep control of your computing, so it doesn't control you!
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation

Keep control of your computing, so it doesn't control you!

by Richard Stallman
First published in Der Spiegel Online

The World Wide Web, developed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990 as a system for publishing and viewing information, is slowly being transformed into a system of remote computing. It will store your data, and data about you, often limiting your access to it but allowing FBI access at any time. It will do your computing for you, but you cannot control what it does. It provides various tempting attractions, but you must resist them.

In the 1980s, most people did not use computers; those who did, mostly used personal computers or timesharing services. Both allowed you to install software of your choice. Both allowed you full control over your data, though it is not clear what access the timesharing services gave to the FBI. In any case, the timesharing services mostly faded away by the 90s.

This does not mean that these users had control of their computing. With software, either the users control the program (free software) or the program controls the users (proprietary or nonfree software). Those users were running proprietary software because that's all there was at the time. The users could not change it, or even tell what it really did.

The abusiveness of proprietary software has intensified since then; nowadays, it is likely to spy on you, intentionally restrict you, and/or have back doors. (Windows is known to do all three; likewise the iPhone and the Kindle.) But even absent such abuse, it wasn't right for users to be controlled by their software.

That's why I launched the free software movement in 1983. We decided to develop an operating system and applications that would be entirely free (libre, freie), so that the users would have control over them. I gave this system the name GNU. (You have probably heard people call it "Linux", but that's an error.) People who switch to this system, and insist on using only free software, are in a position to control their computing. We have liberated only a small part of cyberspace, as yet, but that is a foothold for freedom.

Developments in the Web threaten to negate this achievement. The first problem was the use of invisible references to sites whose mission was surveillance (perhaps for advertising). Users who visited sites A, B, X and Z did not realize that those pages contained invisible references to iamwatchingyou.com, so each visit informed that site too, and it recorded permanently that this user had visited certain pages.

_javascript_ created a further problem. Initially used for harmless things such as unusual-looking menus, its capabilities have been extended to the point where it can do nontrivial computing. Services such as Google Docs install large _javascript_ programs into the user's browser. Even though they run in your computer, you have no control over what they do there.

Then there is the issue of storing your data in companies' servers. The largest such companies have little respect for users' privacy. For instance, if you hand your data to Facebook, companies pay Facebook (not you) for the use of it. They pay Facebook (not you) to run ads using your face.

The timesharing companies of the 1980s had usually treated their users' data with respect, even though they could occasionally abuse them, because their users were paying clients and could go elsewhere. Facebook's users do not pay, so they are not its clients. They are its merchandise, to be sold to other businesses. If the company is in the US, or is a subsidiary of a US company, the FBI can collect this data at whim without even a court order under an un-American US law, named in purest blackwhiting the "Patriot Act".

Services also offer to operate on the users data. In effect, this means that users do their computing on the servers, and the servers take complete control of that computing.

There is a systematic marketing campaign to drive users to entrusting their computing and their data to companies they have absolutely no reason to trust. Its buzzword is "cloud computing", a term used for so many different computing structures that its only real meaning is, "Do it without thinking about what you're doing".

There is even a product, Google ChromeOS, designed so that it can only store data remotely, and the user must do her computing remotely. Ironically, it is free software, a version of GNU/Linux. Users will have access to the source code, and could change it so as to support local computing and local data storage — if the machine has enough memory to store it, and if it permits users to install their own versions of the software. If Android phones are any guide, most ChromeOS devices will be designed to prevent users from doing that.

This does not mean Internet users can't have privacy. This does not mean that Internet users can't have control of their computing. It does mean that you'll have to swim against the current to have them.

Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <gnu AT gnu.org>. There are also other ways to contact the FSF.
Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to <webmasters AT gnu.org>.

Please see the Translations README for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article.

Copyright © 2011 Richard Stallman

This page is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License.

Updated: $Date: 2011/09/20 08:15:39 $